Process and apparatus for the production of novelty yarns



Jan. 3, 1967 G. FORCEVILLE 3,295,162

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NOVELTY YARNS Original FiledMay 16, 1965 INVENTOR. Geo/e455 EFQQGIVILLE BY 1 ATTORNEY United StatesPatent 3,295,162 PRGCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUC- TION OF NOVELTYYARNS Georges Forcevilie, Vaulx-en-Velin, Rhone, France, as-

signor to Textiie & Chemical Research Company (Vaduz) Limited, Vaduz,Liechtenstein, a corporation of Liechtenstein ()riginai application May16, 1963, Ser. No. 280,838. Divided and this application .i'une 9, 1965,Ser. No.

3 Claims. c1. 18-8) This application is a division of application280,838 filed May 16, 1963.

This invention relates to an apparatus for producing novelty yarns andmore particularly to the production of synthetic yarns wherein thematerial is formed into spaced knops or knots,

An object is to provide a new and improved apparatus for the abovepurpose.

Various other objects and advantages will be apparent as the nature ofthe invention is more fully disclosed.

The apparatus according to the present invention spins a coagulatablesolution by means of a tube centered on the spinneret and in which thetube opens into an ejector, the outlet nozzle of which forms a Venturitube, the yam being drawn axially at a reduced rate at the outlet of thenozzle.

The spinning tube or the element which forms the prolongation thereofextends beyond the constriction of the Venturi tube.

This process and the said arrangement makes it possible to obtain a knopyarn of good quality at high speeds, for example in the viscose process.The knop yarn which is obtained is adapted for numerous uses, forexample in the manufacture of fabrics known as Doupion, intended forexample for fashion wear or for decorative purposes.

The invention will be better understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawing, which shows diagrammatically an apparatus embodying the presentinvention.

The drawing shows the downstream end of a spinning tube 1, the upstreamportion thereof not being illustrated. Such a tube is centered in wellknown manner opposite the face of a spinneret. This tube 1 extendsthrough a hole in the wall 2 of the bath tank, into which extends thespinneret (not shown) as well as the tube 1. The latter is extended bythe axial tube 3 of the ejector. The axial tube 3 is centered in thebody 4 of the ejector which is reduced at the upstream or inlet end andis provided with a screwthread 5 on this reduced portion. This portionis fitted into the hole of the wall 2 of the bath tank. The bearing isproduced by a joint 6 and a nut 7 permits the seating thereof.Furthermore, the body 4 of the ejector is also tapped at 8 for athreaded fixing plug 9 fitting on the spinning tube 1. A flexible joint11 and a washer 112 permit the locking action between the axial tube 3of the ejector and the threaded plug 9. The body 4 of the ejector thusensures the rigid mounting of the spinning tube 1.

An outlet nozzle 13 is screwed into the internal thread of the mouth 14of the body 4 of the ejector. The interior of the nozzle has the contourof a Ve-nturi tube and comprises a constriction 15. The internal nozzle3 of the ejector projects beyond the constriction 15. A flexible washer16 provides a tight coupling between the outlet nozzle 13 and a shoulderat the end of the internally threaded portion 14 of the body 4. Aperforated disc 17 centers the tube 3 inside the outlet nozzle 13 bybearing against two small shoulders 18 and 19.

The body 4- of the ejector includes an opening 21 into which opens alateral nozzle 22 with a screwthread 23. This nozzle 22 is connected toa bath supply tube 24 com- "ice plementary to the ejector. The twoelements 22 and 24 are held together by a nut 25 with an intermediateflexible joint 26.

The operation is as follows: A strong stream of spinning bath isinjected through the tube 24 and this bath flows through the nozzle 22and the opening 21, then through the perforations of the disc 19, andprimes the ejector, thereby drawing the bath from the tank through thetube 1 together with the yarn supplied by the spinncret.

The yarn is ejected at high velocity into the outlet nozzle 13 and iswithdrawn therefrom at reduced speed axially by appropriate dischargeelements (not shown). Thecontour of the Venturi tube causes a slowingdown of the bath flow and an accumulation of yarn, which is produced inthe nozzle 13 and at the outlet end thereof. The discharge elements,pulling the yarn at reduced speed, strip the yarn in bunches from themass and these bunches form the knops. The knop yarn thus produced iscollected for example in pot form, the cakes which are formed undergoingthe usual finishing treatments.

By modifying the delivery of the complementary bath and/or the contourof the nozzle 13 'and/ or the drafting speed by the delivery members, itis possible to obtain variations in the frequency and the size of theknops. It is obvious that other modifications can be imposed by varyingthe rate of delivery of the spun solution, the number of strands, theactivity of the bath, etc. Furthermore, the complementary bath does nothave to be identical with the spinning bath and it may also be at adifferent temperature.

The novelty yarns obtained under these conditions have a lower tenacitythan the normal yarns. They can be assembled with normal yarns of thesame nature or of difierent nature.

It is thus possible to add a normal viscose rayon yarn produced by aconventional arrangement to the knop yarn before the finishing and tointroduce the two plies together into a hydroextractor with a windingtwist.

For example, there may be used a viscose containing 9.05% of celluloseand 6.20% of caustic soda, prepared by using 30.8% of carbon disulphidecalculated on dry cellulose. This viscose is spun at the index 6.50 witha spinning viscosity of poises.

Spinning takes place at 52 C. in a bath containing g./l. of sulphuricacid, 240 g./l. of sodium sulphate and 15 g./l. of zinc sulphate.

A yarn with a mean count of denier is produced.

Three practical embodiments will be apparent from the following table:

Example 3 Count, denier:

Total 150 Support yarn 100 Knop yarn 1 Spinning speed, meters/1nDelivery of injection bath, liters/min..-

1 The count of the knop yarn is the mean count. tlhte spinning speedscorrespond to the winding speed in the hydroex rao or.

ejection zone and adapted to receive the spinning bath together with thecoagulated filaments, said Venturi tube having an expanding openingadapted to reduce the rate of flow of said bath and to thereby form amass of tangled filaments having knops spaced along the length thereof.

2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said spinning tube extendsinto the expanding opening of said Venturi tube.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 having means intro- 10 ducingadditional spinning bath around said spinning tube 4 and into saidVenturi tube for thereby introducing a flow of spinning bath throughsaid spinning tube.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,683,478 9/1928Nerdick 18-3 2,793,396 5/1957 Dooley 18--8 2,872,701 2/1959 Pistor eta1. l88 3,071,806 8/1963 Rosenthal l88 X WILLIAM J. STEPHENSON, PrimaryExaminer.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No.3,295,162 January 3, 1967 Georges Forceville It is hereby certified thaterror appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and thatthe said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

In the heading to the printed specification, after line 10, insertClaims priority, application France, May 16, 196 897,725

Signed and sealed this 7th day of November 1967.

(SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD J. BRENNER Edward M. Fletcher, Jr.

Commissioner of Patents Attesting Officer

1. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING A NOVELTY YARN COMPRISING A SPINNING BATH, ASPINNING TUBE IMMERSED IN SAID BATH AND ADAPTED TO RECEIVE THE SPINNINGBATH AND COAGULATED FILAMENTS FROM A SPINNERET, SAID SPINNING TUBETERMINATING IN AN EJECTION ZONE, A VENTURI TUBE IMMERSED IN SAID BATHAND DISPOSED IN REGISTRATION WITH SAID TUBE IN SAID EJECTION ZONE ANDADAPTED TO RECEIVE THE SPINNING BATH TOGETHER WITH THE COAGULATEDFILAMENTS, SAID VENTURI TUBE HAVING AN EXPANDING OPENING ADAPTED TOREDUCE THE RATE OF FLOW OF SAID BATH AND TO THEREBY FORM A MASS OFTANGLED FILAMENTS HAVING KNOPS SPACED ALONG THE LENGTH THEREOF.